{"id":3867,"date":"2019-06-25T09:46:48","date_gmt":"2019-06-24T23:46:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mvec.mcri.edu.au\/?page_id=3867"},"modified":"2026-04-28T13:05:07","modified_gmt":"2026-04-28T03:05:07","slug":"%e6%a0%bc%e6%9e%97%e5%b7%b4%e5%88%a9%e7%bb%bc%e5%90%88%e7%97%87","status":"publish","type":"references","link":"https:\/\/mvec.mcri.edu.au\/zh\/references\/guillain-barre-syndrome\/","title":{"rendered":"Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/p>\n

\u80cc\u666f<\/h2>\n

Guillain\u2013Barr\u00e9 syndrome (GBS) is rare autoimmune condition (where the body\u2019s immune system mistakenly attacks itself) that results in damage to the peripheral nerves (specifically the myelin and sometimes the axon). In Australia it affects approximately one person per 100,000 each year, occurring more commonly in males. Incidence of GBS increases with increasing age.<\/span><\/p>\n

GBS symptoms include muscle weakness, altered sensation, numbness and paralysis. Symptoms usually start in the lower extremities and progress up the body over a few days or weeks. In severe cases, GBS can compromise the ability to speak, swallow and breath.<\/span><\/p>\n

There is no known cure, and treatment involves intravenous immunoglobulin and supportive measures such as mechanical ventilation (if required). Most cases spontaneously recover<\/span>,<\/span> although this may take from 6 months to 2 years. Approximately 10\u201315% of people who have been diagnosed with GBS will have permanent disability.<\/span><\/p>\n

GBS and vaccines<\/h2>\n

The cause of GBS is not entirely clear but is often triggered by a viral (<\/span>e.g. <\/span>

<\/div><\/span> \u6216\u8005 <\/span>\u65b0\u51a0\u80ba\u708e<\/span>) or bacterial <\/span>(<\/span>e.g. <\/span>campylobacter)<\/span> infection<\/span>,<\/span> usually occurring 1<\/span> to <\/span>3 weeks prior to symptoms developing. <\/span>Very rarely<\/span>,<\/span> GBS<\/span> has been reported in people who have recently received certain vaccines<\/span>.<\/span> H<\/span>owever<\/span>,<\/span> evidence<\/span> demonstrates<\/span> that this occurs at a <\/span>much lower rate<\/span> compared to GBS following an infection<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6d41\u884c\u6027\u611f\u5192<\/h3>\n

\u5e74\u5ea6\u7684

<\/div><\/a> vaccination is funded on the \u56fd\u5bb6\u514d\u75ab\u8ba1\u5212\uff08NIP\uff09<\/a> for specific populations (including all children aged 6 months to < 5 years, \u5b55\u5987<\/a>, \u6fb3\u5927\u5229\u4e9a\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11<\/a> from 6 months of age, adults from 65 years<\/a>, and people of any age with specified medical conditions). Anyone else over 6 months of age wishing to be protected can receive vaccination at cost.<\/span><\/p>\n

It is estimated that vaccination against influenza can result in one case of GBS per 1 million doses of vaccine administered. However, the risk of GBS occurring post influenza infection<\/a> is approximately 15 times higher than this.<\/span><\/p>\n

Herpes zoster (shingles)<\/h3>\n

Vaccination against \u5e26\u72b6\u75b1\u75b9<\/a> is funded on the NIP as a 2-dose course for \u514d\u75ab\u529f\u80fd\u4f4e\u4e0b<\/a> adults aged 18 and over, First Nations<\/a> adults from 50 years of age and all other adults from 65 years<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Global post-marketing surveillance suggests that <\/span>dose 1 of Shingrix can be attributed as the cause of six cases of GBS per one million doses of vaccine administered in people aged over 65 years. <\/span>The evidence does not show an increased risk of developing GBS following the second dose of Shingrix. Zostavax (a previously available vaccine for herpes zoster) was not linked to GBS.<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

There is some evidence to suggest that GBS is also triggered following herpes zoster reactivation<\/a> (shingles disease).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u547c\u5438\u9053\u5408\u80de\u75c5\u6bd2\uff08RSV\uff09<\/h3>\n

\u8fd9 RSV<\/a> vaccine Abrysvo is funded on the NIP for \u5b55\u5987<\/a> from 28 weeks<\/span>\u2019<\/span> gestation. The RSV vaccine Arexvy is funded (as of 15 May 2026<\/a>) on the NIP for older adults<\/a> <\/span>aged \u2265 75 years and First Nations adults<\/a> aged \u2265 60 years. It is also recommended, but not funded, for adults aged 60 to 74 years with specified medical conditions<\/a>.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vaccine safety surveillance data shows an increased risk of developing GBS following receipt of RSV vaccination<\/a> in adults aged 60 years and over, with rates varying internationally<\/a>. There is no evidence to suggest an increased risk for those aged under 60 years and therefore there is no concern for the administration of Abrysvo in pregnant people although vaccine safety monitoring continues. Given the potential severity of RSV infection in older adults and rare risk of GBS, the benefits of RSV vaccination far outweigh potential risks.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u65b0\u51a0\u80ba\u708e<\/h3>\n

\u521d\u7ea7\u8bfe\u7a0b \u65b0\u51a0\u80ba\u708e<\/a> vaccination is recommended for all adults. Booster doses are recommended for specific populations every 6 to 12 months based on individual risk factors for severe disease. \u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

The mRNA COVID-19 vaccines (Pfizer or Moderna) have not been associated with the development of GBS. GBS has been reported to occur both in <\/span>people who had received the COVID-19 vaccine Vaxzevria (AstraZeneca) and in people who have recently had a COVID-19 infection. Since March 2023, Vaxzevria is no longer available for use in Australia.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5efa\u8bae<\/h2>\n

For people who have previously been diagnosed with GBS, regardless of the trigger, the risk of relapse is low.<\/span><\/p>\n

Where a person develops GBS within 6 weeks of receiving a vaccine, a report should be made<\/span> to the <\/span>adverse event reporting service<\/span><\/a> in your jurisdiction<\/span>. In general, future doses of that vaccine\/s should be avoided<\/span>,<\/span> but there is no need to avoid other vaccines. Consultation with an immunisation specialist<\/a>\/neurologist may be helpful to determine the risks vs benefits of vaccination.<\/span><\/p>\n

Individuals who develop GBS more than 6 weeks following a vaccine, or unrelated to a vaccine, can safely receive all future vaccines recommended to them.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>

<\/p>\n

\u8d44\u6e90<\/h2>\n