{"id":618,"date":"2014-07-22T09:25:47","date_gmt":"2014-07-21T23:25:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mvec.vic.edu.au\/?page_id=618"},"modified":"2026-02-25T11:51:40","modified_gmt":"2026-02-25T00:51:40","slug":"solid-organ-transplant-recipient","status":"publish","type":"references","link":"https:\/\/mvec.mcri.edu.au\/zh\/references\/solid-organ-transplant-recipient\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5b9e\u4f53\u5668\u5b98\u79fb\u690d\u53d7\u8005\uff1a\u79fb\u690d\u524d\u514d\u75ab\u5efa\u8bae"},"content":{"rendered":"
<\/p>\n
\n

Background<\/h2>\n

Solid o<\/span>rgan transplant<\/span> (SOT) <\/span>can be a <\/span>treatment <\/span>option<\/span> for <\/span>an <\/span>individual<\/span> whose <\/span>own <\/span>organ<\/span>\/<\/span>s<\/span> are <\/span>not functioning adequately.<\/span> ‘S<\/span>ol<\/span>i<\/span>d<\/span>\u2019 <\/span>refer<\/span>s<\/span> to transplants of <\/span>organs <\/span>such as liver, lung, <\/span>heart<\/span> or <\/span>kidney<\/span>, as opposed to <\/span>stem cell<\/span><\/a> or other tissue<\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u00a0Between<\/span> 2009<\/span> and 2024<\/span>, <\/span>19,469 people <\/span>in Australia <\/span>received a d<\/span>onated organ<\/span><\/span>. <\/span>Rejection of a donated organ <\/span>is a significant and ongoing concern for transplant recipients<\/span>.<\/span> Rejection <\/span>occur<\/span>s when <\/span>the recipient\u2019s i<\/span>m<\/span>mune system <\/span>identifies<\/span> the transplanted organ as foreign<\/span>,<\/span> so<\/span> trie<\/span>s<\/span> to destroy i<\/span>t<\/span>. <\/span>To <\/span>av<\/span>oid rejection, transplant recipients <\/span>remain<\/span> on lifelong immunosuppressive <\/span>medication<\/span>,<\/span> leaving them <\/span>immunocompromised<\/span><\/a>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Vaccination is particularly important for those who are immunocompromised, due to the increased risk of developing severe disease (which can lead to <\/span>hospitalisation<\/span>, intensive care <\/span>admission<\/span> or death) if exposed to vaccine-preventable diseases. In people who are immunocompromised, protection <\/span>gained <\/span>from<\/span> a<\/span> vaccine<\/span> can be suboptimal as the body is not as easily able to <\/span>mount a <\/span>respon<\/span>se<\/span>. <\/span>There can <\/span>also <\/span>be a loss of protection gained from <\/span>past <\/span>vaccines <\/span>or infections. <\/span>Conversely, some vaccines (<\/span>live-attenuated vaccines<\/span><\/a>) may be contraindicated due to the potential risk of vaccine-related disease.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Recommendations<\/span><\/b><\/h2>\n

Serology and screening<\/span><\/b><\/h3>\n

With the exception of hepatitis B<\/a>, MVEC does not routinely<\/a> recommend serological testing for vaccine-preventable diseases <\/span>as a measure of seroconversion. Instead, children < 18 years of age requiring a SOT are recommended additional doses of vaccines to ensure adequate protection.<\/p>\n

As part of transplant work-up, tuberculosis<\/a> screening<\/a> is recommended for children identified as at-risk for infection (latent or active). Children aged < 5 years should undergo tuberculin skin testing (TST), children \u2265<\/span><\/span> 5 years of age should have Interferon Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) performed. The identified risk factors include:<\/span><\/p>\n