MVEC animation: The Road to a COVID-19 Vaccine
With Australia looking towards a COVID-19 vaccine program beginning in early 2021, MVEC have created the following animation for sharing with a wider audience, to help explain the process of developing a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine in a compressed timeframe.
For more information on the vaccine development process please refer to our immunisation reference page यहाँ.
For information on the provisional vaccine registration pathway in Australia please refer to our reference page यहाँ.
Contain This: A new podcast by the Indo-Pacific Centre for Health Security
"Contain This" is a podcast produced by the Indo-Pacific Centre for Health Security looking at global health security trends. The Centre has recently kicked off a new series on COVID-19 vaccines as it plans the $500 million Regional Vaccine Access and Health Security Initiative targeting Southeast Asian and Pacific island countries.
To listen to discussion on topics such as vaccine uptake, financing, priority groups, as well as safety and efficacy, please refer to the link below:
Contain This: The Latest In Global Health Security
MVEC Vodcast series - COVID-19 vaccines
जैसा कि 2020 करीब आ रहा है, आशावाद है कि SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) के लिए एक सुरक्षित और प्रभावी टीका जल्द ही महामारी को नियंत्रित करने के लिए अनुमोदित किया जाएगा। दुनिया भर में 200 से अधिक वैक्सीन उम्मीदवार वर्तमान में नैदानिक परीक्षणों के विभिन्न चरणों में हैं, ऑस्ट्रेलिया ने 4 अलग-अलग टीकों के साथ अग्रिम खरीद समझौतों पर हस्ताक्षर किए हैं।
हमारी 3-भाग वाली वोडकास्ट श्रृंखला में, COVID-19 टीके, डॉ. डेरिल चेंग और डॉ. डेनिएला साय चर्चा करते हैं कि इतनी कम समयावधि में एक टीका विकसित करना कैसे संभव है, नैदानिक परीक्षणों में उपयोग किए जा रहे विभिन्न वैक्सीन प्लेटफॉर्म और उनके व्यक्तिगत फायदे और नुकसान , साथ ही विभिन्न प्राथमिकता समूहों को टीकाकरण की पेशकश की जाएगी। डेरिल और डेनिएला क्लिनिकल परीक्षणों के प्रारंभिक परिणामों पर स्पर्श करते हैं और वे हमें टीके की सुरक्षा और प्रभावशीलता के संदर्भ में दिखाते हैं, साथ ही चल रही सुरक्षा निगरानी पर भी चर्चा करते हैं जो एक बार उपयोग के लिए एक वैक्सीन को मंजूरी दे दी जाती है।
You can view the vodcasts via the link below:
Final episode of COVID19 Road to a vaccine: Professor Walter Orenstein
In the final episode of this podcast series our host, Associate Professor Nigel Crawford, speaks with Professor Walter Orenstein. Dr Orenstein is a Professor of Medicine, Epidemiology, Global Health and Paediatrics at Emory University; Associate Director of the Emory Vaccine Center and the Director of Emory Vaccine Policy and Development. An expert in vaccinology, Dr Orenstein has worked at the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Director of the United States Immunisation Program and is a current member of several WHO groups. Further to this he is the co-editor of the vaccine textbook, Plotkin’s Vaccines, 7वां edition. In this episode they discuss:
- Lessons that can be learnt from Plotkin’s Vaccines in the setting of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and development of vaccines
- Recent press releases showing promising early results from two mRNA COVID-19 vaccine candidates developed by Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna
- The critical role of ongoing monitoring for safety and effectiveness of vaccines once they are in use
- The likely highest priority groups when vaccines do become available
- The role of children in SARS-CoV-2 transmission and whether or not they need to be vaccinated
- The importance of a correlate of protection in SARS-CoV-2 vaccines
- The need to monitor for vaccine associated enhanced disease (VAED)
- The importance of immunisation providers supporting reports of adverse events following immunisation (AEFI)
- The importance of communication in supporting vaccine acceptance and uptake
- Key next steps on the road to a COVID-19 vaccine: a better understanding of how many doses are required and when, a prioritisation process so the vaccines can be used most effectively (with a clear allocation system); and communicating to the public that social distancing and wearing a mask will be ongoing for some time as a level of normality won’t be reached immediately, even with the exciting new efficacious COVID-19 vaccines
लिंक:
- Plotkin’s Vaccines, 7वां ed
- Pfizer/BioNTech conclude phase 3 study of COVID-19 vaccine candidate, meeting all primary efficacy endpoints
- Moderna’s COVID-19 vaccine candidate meets its primary efficacy endpoint in the first interim analysis of the phase 3 COVE study
आप यहां एपिसोड सुन सकते हैं:
COVID19 रोड टू ए वैक्सीन एपिसोड 17: कैसे COVID-19 महामारी का प्रबंधन ब्रिटिश कोलंबिया, कनाडा में डॉ बोनी हेनरी के साथ किया जा रहा है
हमारे COVID19 रोड टू ए वैक्सीन सीरीज़ के एपिसोड 17 में, हमारे मेजबान, एसोसिएट प्रोफेसर निगेल क्रॉफर्ड, कनाडा में बीसी प्रांत के प्रांतीय स्वास्थ्य अधिकारी (PHO) डॉ बोनी हेनरी से बात करते हैं। जैसा कि PHO बोनी COVID-19 महामारी के लिए प्रांत की प्रतिक्रिया का नेतृत्व कर रहे हैं। बोनी 2018 की शुरुआत से इस भूमिका में हैं और इससे पहले तीन साल तक डिप्टी पीएचओ थे। वह सार्वजनिक स्वास्थ्य और निवारक चिकित्सा में माहिर हैं, और पाकिस्तान में विश्व स्वास्थ्य संगठन और यूनिसेफ पोलियो उन्मूलन कार्यक्रम और युगांडा में इबोला के प्रकोप के दौरान डब्ल्यूएचओ के साथ काम करने की पृष्ठभूमि है। उनके पास SARS, H1N1 महामारी और BC में ओवरडोज इमरजेंसी के लिए अग्रणी प्रतिक्रिया का अनुभव है। बोनी ब्रिटिश कोलंबिया विश्वविद्यालय, फैकल्टी ऑफ मेडिसिन में एसोसिएट प्रोफेसर हैं और टीकाकरण पर कनाडा की राष्ट्रीय सलाहकार समिति के सदस्य हैं। वह और निगेल निम्नलिखित पर चर्चा करते हैं:
- बोनी की वर्तमान भूमिका, जो COVID-19 महामारी के लिए BC की प्रतिक्रिया का नेतृत्व कर रही है
- उसने 2003 के सार्स प्रकोप से क्या सीखा और कैसे इस अनुभव और ज्ञान को वर्तमान महामारी पर लागू किया जा सकता है जैसे संपर्क अनुरेखण का महत्व, प्रकोपों का प्रबंधन और जनता के साथ संवाद करने का महत्व
- COVID-19 टीके कनाडा में भूमिका निभाएंगे और ऐसी चुनौतियाँ जिनका सामना करने की आवश्यकता होगी जैसे कि रसद, पर्याप्त सुरक्षा प्रोफ़ाइल सुनिश्चित करना, प्राथमिक समूहों को पहले प्रतिरक्षित करना और स्वदेशी समुदायों की रक्षा करना
- टीकाकरण के बाद प्रतिकूल घटनाओं के लिए निगरानी का महत्वपूर्ण महत्व
लिंक:
- द न्यूयॉर्क टाइम्स: शीर्ष डॉक्टर जिन्होंने कोरोनोवायरस परीक्षण किया
- बीसी रोग नियंत्रण केंद्र: बीसी कोविड-19 डेटा
- कनाडा सरकार: प्रारंभिक COVID-19 टीकाकरण के लिए प्रमुख जनसंख्या पर टीकाकरण पर राष्ट्रीय सलाहकार समिति (NACI) से प्रारंभिक मार्गदर्शन पर कनाडा के मुख्य सार्वजनिक स्वास्थ्य अधिकारी का बयान
- कनाडा सरकार: कनाडा सरकार ने COVID-19 के लिए अतिरिक्त वैक्सीन उम्मीदवार और उपचार को सुरक्षित करने के लिए नए समझौतों पर हस्ताक्षर किए
- BC Children's Hospital: Manish Sadarangani
- डलहौजी विश्वविद्यालय बाल रोग विभाग: करीना टॉप
आप यहां एपिसोड सुन सकते हैं:
COVID19 Road to a vaccine episode 16: COVID-19 vaccine candidates regulatory process update with Professor Norman Baylor
In episode 16 of our COVID19 Road to a vaccine series, our host, Associate Professor Nigel Crawford speaks once again with Professor Norman Baylor. Professor Baylor is the former Director of the Office of Vaccines Research and Review Center at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is the President and CEO of Biologics Consulting and current advisor to the WHO.
In this episode they discuss:
- The recent FDA Vaccines and related biological products advisory committee meeting which was, as is customary, open to the public
- The huge amount countries like Australia can learn from the transparency of these open forums
- What vaccine efficacy thresholds are and what they have been set at for COVID-19 vaccine candidates in the USA
- Including children and special risk groups such as pregnant women in clinical trials
- Potential for confusion when more than one COVID-19 vaccine becomes available with varying levels of efficacy
- The ongoing collection of data to monitor vaccine safety and effectiveness
- Pauses or clinical holds being a normal part of clinical trials
- The importance of communication from regulatory bodies as COVID-19 vaccines become available
लिंक:
- Biologics Consulting
- FDA: Expanded access
- FDA: Emergency Use Authorisation
- FDA: Vaccines and related biological products advisory committee October 22 2020
- MVEC: COVID19 Road to a vaccine episode 7: The importance of regulatory bodies in the development of vaccines with Professor Norman Baylor
- The Conversation: Halting the Oxford vaccine trial doesn’t mean it’s not safe, it shows they’re following the right process
Download the episode at:
COVID19 Road to a vaccine episode 15: Professor Lynn Gillam
In episode 15, our host, Associate Professor Nigel Crawford, speaks to Professor Lynn Gillam. Lynn is a clinical ethicist who trained in philosophy and bioethics. She is a Professor in the Centre for Health Equity, in the Melbourne School of Population and Global Health at the University of Melbourne; and the Academic Director of The Children’s Bioethics Centre at the Royal Children’s Hospital in Melbourne, Australia. The Children’s Bioethics Centre provides support including ethical decision making for clinicians in relation to patient care issues. Nigel and Lynn will discuss some of the ethical issues raised in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, utilising a framework of points raised by Dr John Lantos from the Children’s Mercy Hospital in Kansas City, USA, at the recent Bioethics E-Conference hosted by The Children’s Bioethics Centre:
- The importance of realising that not doing something or not conducting research is a decision in itself
- The notion of “too fast can’t be safe” – some steps need to take the time they have always taken, some things can be done more quickly, recognising that if you do nothing, you are allowing harm to happen
- The role of ethical boards and the way vaccines are developed, i.e. the use of younger, healthier participants in research, not the individuals who are getting the worst disease
- The involvement of children and elderly people in clinical trials and the key differences in the ethical considerations of this
- Global equity of access to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines when they become available, who gets them first and how should these decisions be made?
- The role of Citizens’ Juries in deciding who has priority of access to vaccines in a pandemic situation
- अनिवार्य टीकाकरण
- The use of foetal embryonic cell lines in vaccine development
Links
- Australian Financial Review: Vaccine confronts humanity with next moral test
- MVEC: Foetal embryonic cells utilised in vaccine development platforms
- University of Melbourne: Gaining clarity on the ethical issues of a possible COVID-19 vaccine
- BMC Public Health: Including the public in pandemic planning: a deliberative approach
- Social Science and Medicine: The use of citizens’ juries in health policy decision making: a systematic review
- RCH Grand Rounds: Let no pandemic go to waste – how the COVID crisis could lead to better health care delivery
Listen to the episode here:
COVID19 Road to a vaccine episode 14: Dr Bruce Gellin
In episode 14, our host, Associate Professor Nigel Crawford, speaks to Dr Bruce Gellin. Bruce is the President of Global Immunization at the Sabin Vaccine Institute in Washington. The Sabin Vaccine Institute’s mission is to make vaccines more accessible, enable innovation and expand immunisation across the globe. Bruce took up this role in 2017, prior to this serving as the Deputy Assistant Secretary of the National Vaccine Program Office at the US Department of Health and Human Services where he served as technical and policy advisor to the WHO, focusing on influenza vaccines and global issues of vaccine hesitancy. Bruce has also worked at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), consulted for GAVI and is one of America’s principle spokespeople on vaccines and immunisations. He and Nigel discuss the following in the context of vaccine confidence:
- The recent halting of the Oxford Astrazeneca trial and how the system that is in place did exactly what is supposed to
- “The Cutter Incident” and the ongoing impact this has had on vaccine safety, particularly from the manufacturing perspective
- The vast importance of ensuring immunisation providers understand the vaccine development process as if they don’t understand it and are sceptical this can have a huge impact on vaccine uptake
- The importance of open disclosure in the vaccine development pathway
- How the Sabin Vaccine Institute is meeting the challenge of vaccine hesitancy
- Sabin’s‘Boost’ program for healthcare workers
- How vaccines are monitored once they are in use, also called phase IV surveillance
लिंक:
- The Sabin Vaccine Institute
- The Conversation: Halting the Oxford vaccine trial doesn’t mean it’s not safe – it shows they’re following the right process
- The Cutter Incident by Paul Offit
- Sabin Vaccine Institute: Immunization Advocates
- Sabin Vaccine Institute: Boost
- The Lancet: Mapping global trends in vaccine confidence and investigating barriers to vaccine uptake: a large-scale retrospective temporal modelling study
- The Lancet: It is time to get serious about vaccine confidence
Listen to the episode here:
COVID19 Road to a vaccine episode 13: Professor Kim Mulholland
In episode 13, our host, Associate Professor Nigel Crawford, speaks to Professor Kim Mulholland. Kim is a paediatrician and Professor of Child Health from the Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, the University of Melbourne department of Paediatrics and the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. With post-graduate training in immunology, respiratory medicine and tropical medicine, his vast experience includes developing a program of research covering all aspects of childhood pneumonia which helped guide WHO policies. He has been involved in the oversight of many vaccine trials and has served on steering committees or DSMBs for a range of vaccines including pneumococcal, dengue, RSV and COVID-19. He and Nigel discuss:
- global issues brought about by the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and some of the surprising ways the virus has spread globally
- what we can learn from seroprevalence in countries such as India
- vaccine nationalism and the push for global solidarity
- the role of Australia in the pacific region in regards to vaccine preparedness
- global, equitable access to COVID-19 vaccines
लिंक:
- Developing a Low-Cost and Accessible COVID-19 Vaccine for Global Health
- WHO Chief Urges Nations to Join in Preventing ‘Vaccine Nationalism’
- Africa declared free of wild polio
- The Meningitis Vaccine Project: A groundbreaking partnership
- GAVI vaccine alliance
Listen here: