While the approved COVID-19 vaccines continue to provide strong protection against severe disease, hospitalisation and death, immunity does wane over time. Throughout the pandemic, there have been considerable discussions regarding the efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccines against various variants as well as the duration and level of protection afforded through natural COVID-19 infection compared to vaccine immunity.
This article explores the immunogenicity of natural COVID-19 infection and vaccine protection against breakthrough infections, the rationale for boosters, as well as consideration for future COVID-19 vaccines.
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The Conversation: What we know now about COVID immunity after infection – including Omicron and Delta variants