包含这个:印太卫生安全中心的新播客

“Contain This”是印太卫生安全中心制作的播客,着眼于全球卫生安全趋势。该中心最近启动了一个新的 COVID-19 疫苗系列,因为它计划针对东南亚和太平洋岛国的 $5 亿区域疫苗获取和健康安全倡议。

要听取有关疫苗接种、融资、优先群体以及安全性和有效性等主题的讨论,请参考以下链接:

包含这个:最新的全球卫生安全


SAFEVAC- the adverse event reporting database for Victoria

The AEFI-CAN database has been formerly renamed SAFEVAC, to better reflect what the database is: an Australian integrated database for the reporting of Adverse Events Following Immunisation (AEFI) and associated clinical visits, as well as vaccine errors.
The mission of SAFEVAC is to promote confidence in the National Immunisation Program (NIP) through enhancing national vaccine safety monitoring and rapid signal detection.

Currently AEFI reporting can only be completed via SAFEVAC if the vaccine was administered in Victoria or Western Australia (reports followed up by SAEFVIC or WAVSS respectively). Some other jurisdictions use the database for internal management of reports.

For more information on SAEFVIC, the Victorian vaccine safety service, please visit our MVEC page 这里.

To access the SAFEVAC database, please click 这里.


UK authorises Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine

Following a thorough analysis of data produced from rigorous clinical trials, the independent Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) in the UK have concluded that the Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine meets the strict standards of safety, quality and effectiveness required. As such, the UK government has announced it's approval with plans to make the vaccine available from as early as next week. Final advice on priority groups is still being determined by the Joint Committee on Vaccinations and Immunisations (JCVI).

To read the press release please refer to the link below:

UK authorises Pfizer/BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine


TGA COVID-19 resource hub

The Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) have developed a dedicated COVID-19 resource hub to host information for consumers, health care professionals and sponsors. This hub details the COVID-19 vaccine approval process for Australia, common questions relating to COVID-19 vaccine safety, quality and effectiveness, as well as the regulatory processes and requirements.

To view this page please follow the link below:

Therapeutic Goods Administration: COVID-19 vaccines

 


Aljazeera: COVID-19 vaccines explained in maps and charts

The following article gives an overview of the various vaccine platforms being utilised to develop a COVID-19 vaccine, and outlines which vaccines are currenly in human trials.

To read more follow the link below.:

Aljazeera: COVID-19 vaccines explained in maps and charts


MMWR:免疫实践咨询委员会关于分配 COVID-19 疫苗初始供应的道德原则 - 美国,2020 年

Once a COVID-19 vaccine has been approved for use, it is expected that the initial supply will be limited. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) in the United States, has published it's approach for recommending and allocating COVID-19 vaccines to the American population. In addition to scientific data, decisions on the allocation of COVID-19 vaccines will be based around 4 ethical principles. These include: the need to maximise benefit and minimise harm, promote justice, mitigate health inequities and promote transparency.

要阅读全文,请参阅以下链接:

MMWR: The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices' Ethical Principles for Allocating Initial SUpplies of COVID-19 Vaccine - United States, 2020


The Lancet - Emergency use authorisation for COVID-19 vaccines: lessons from Ebola

In order to increase public acceptance of an emergency use authorisation for COVID-19 vaccines, the following article in The Lancet suggests that lessons can be learnt from previous experiences with Ebola virus vaccines in Guinea and the Democratic Republic on the Congo.

Emergency use authorisation allows the public to access promising medicinal products prior to licensing and registration. In the setting of a public health emergency, their use may be ethically justified if certain conditions are met.

By having a transparent evaluation process, ensuring that it meets a favourable benefit-risk ratio based on quality and safety data, and having an accountable system of regulatory oversight and monitoring, the ethical quality and overall acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine can be improved.

要阅读更多信息,请点击以下链接:

The Lancet - Emergency use authorisation for COVID-19 vaccines: lessons from Ebola


The Conversation: Moderna’s COVID vaccine reports 95% efficacy

The American biotech company Moderna has released early data from phase III clinical trials, announcing that its COVID-19 vaccine has an efficacy level of 94.5%.

Like Pfizer's vaccine, the Moderna vaccine is also an mRNA (messenger RNA) vaccine, however will be easier to distribute as its temperature requirements are 4℃ for 30 days (rather than -70℃ as in the case of the Pfizer vaccine); and for storage requirements beyond 30 days it needs to be kept at -20℃.

The stage III trial involved 30,000 participants, out of those 95 people developed COVID-19 in the week after the final vaccination, with 90 of those being in the placebo group and only 5 in the group who received the COVID vaccine.

It is unknown how long protection from this vaccine lasts and how effective it is in the elderly, pregnant women or those with a chronic illness; however, in results Moderna published in September the vaccine produced a similar amount of antibodies in adults over 70 as adults under 70 years of age. It did however induce fewer T cells in people aged over 71, so at this stage it is not know whether this will result in lower protection or shorter lasting immunity in the elderly.

Read more via the link below:

The World Health Organization: How do vaccines work?

The World Health Organization have developed a new resource explaining how vaccines provide immunity.

To view the resource please follow the link below:

The World Health Organization: How do vaccines work?